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The Early Purpose of Chivalry
The origin of chivalry, whether real or imagined, shows that its initial motives were noble. At the beginning, the institution served a useful purpose:...
Understanding Chivalry
Just as our views on history change as we grow older, so too do our ideas about chivalry. In youth, many of us admire...
How Our Views Change with Age
As we grow older, the way we read and think about history changes. In youth, we often read for enjoyment. We admire stories and...
The Activity of Cretan Painters in Different Regions
Painters from Crete remained very active in many regions well into the eighteenth century. They did not limit their work to Crete alone but...
The Activity of Cretan Painters in Different Regions
Painters from Crete remained very active in many regions well into the eighteenth century. They did not limit their work to Crete alone but...
Cultural Patrons and Their Influence on Art
When we consider all these social and historical factors, it becomes clear that different social groups acted as important patrons and commissioners of major...
Introduction Common Cultural Ground
In my view, a common cultural ground is a very important reference point for understanding the art of a historical period and for explaining...
The Faithful Christians of Sardis
Although the church in Sardis is strongly criticized in the Book of Revelation, St John makes it clear that not all Christians in the...
Unexcavated Remains of Sardis
A part of ancient Sardis still remains hidden underground. One section of the city has not yet been excavated and lies about two metres...
Croesus and the Persian Threat
In the middle of the sixth century BCE, King Croesus of Lydia became ambitious and greedy for lands beyond the Halys River, known today...
